Universal Responsibility and Global Environment
As the
twentieth century draws to close, we find that the world has grown
smaller. The world's peace have become almost one community. Political
and military alliances have created large multinational groups,
industry and international trade have produced a global economy.
Worldwide communications are eliminating ancient barriers of distance,
language and race. We are also being drawn together by the grave
problems we face: overpopulation, dwindling natural resources, and an
environmental crisis that threatens our air, water, and trees, along
with the vast number of beautiful life forms that are the very
foundation of existence on this small planet we share.
I believe that to meet the challenge of our times,
human beings will have to develop a greater sense of universal
responsibility. Each of us must learn to work not for his or her self,
family or nation, but for the benefit of all mankind. Universal
responsibility is the real key to human survival. It is the best
foundation for world. peace, the equitable use of natural resources and
through concern for the future generations, the proper care of the
environment.
I have come to this international gathering of
environmental leaders in a spirit of optimism and hope. The meetings
here represent a threshold for humanity; the chance for our emerging
global community to cooperate in an unprecedented manner. Even. though
it appears that the Earth Summit may, in some respects, fall short of
what is needed, the very fact that it has taken place represents a
tremendous achievement. That is why it is so heartening to see so many
non-governmental organizations here. Your role in forging a better
future is absolutely essential, and while this role is still, within
the United Nations, limited, it is expanding.
So many non-governmental organizations are built
by dedicated volunteers out of genuine caring for fellow human beings.
Your commitment represents the forefront of both social and
environmental progress. All of the organizations represented here have
particular wants and needs just, in fact, as individuals do. Without
our collective efforts however, the gains made here would be
significantly
less.
Whether we like it or not, we have been born on
this earth as part of one great family. Rich or poor, educated or
uneducated belonging to one nation, ideology or another, ultimately
each of us just a human being like everyone else. Furthermore, each of
us has the same right to pursue happiness and avoid suffering. When you
recognize that all beings are equal in this respect, you automatically
feel empathy and closeness for them. Out of this, in turn, comes a
genuine sense of universal responsibility; the wish to actively help
others overcome their problems.
Of course, this sort of compassion is by
nature, peaceful and gentle, but it is also very powerful. It is the
true sign of inner strength. We do not need to become religious, nor do
we need to believe in an ideology. All that is necessary is for each of
us to develop our good human qualities.
The need for a sense of universal responsibility
affects every aspect of modern life. Nowadays, significant events in
one part of the world eventually affect the entire planet. Therefore,
we have to treat each major local problem as a global concern from the
moment it begins. We can no longer invoke the national, racial or
ideological barriers that separate us without destructive
repercussions. In the context of our new interdependence, considering
the interests of others is clearly the best form of self-interest.
Interdependence, of course, is a fundamental law
of nature. Not only myriad forms of life, but the subtlest level of
material phenomena, as well, is governed by interdependence. All
phenomena, from the planet we inhabit to the oceans, clouds, forests
and flowers that surrounds us, arise in dependence upon subtle patterns
of energy. Without their proper interaction, they dissolve and decay.
We need to appreciate this fact of nature far more
than we have in the past. Our ignorance of it is directly responsible
for many of the problems we face. For instance, tapping the limited
resources of our world-particularly those of the developing nations
-simply to fuel consumerism, is disastrous. If it continues unchecked,
eventually we will all suffer. We must respect the delicate matrix of
life and allow it to replenish itself. The United Nations Environment
Program warns, I'm told, that we are facing the most massive wave of
extinction in 65 million years. This fact is profoundly frightening. It
must open our minds to the immense proportions of the crisis we face.
Ignorance of Interdependence has not only harmed the natural environment, but human society as well.
Instead of caring for one another, we place most of our
efforts for happiness in pursuing individual material consumption. We
have become so engrossed in this pursuit that, without knowing it, we
have neglected to foster the most basic human needs of love, kindness
and cooperation. This is very sad. We have to consider what we human
beings really are. We are not machine-made objects. If we were merely
mechanical entities, then machines themselves could alleviate all of
our sufferings and fulfill our needs. However, since we are not solely
material creatures, it is a mistake to seek fulfillment in external
development alone.
Basically, we all cherish tranquility. For
example, when spring comes, the days grow longer, there is more
sunshine, the grass and trees come alive and everything is fresh.
People feel happy. In autumn, one leaf falls, then another, then all
the beautiful flowers die until we are surrounded by bare-naked plants.
We do not feel so joyful. Why is this? Because deep down, we desire
constructive, fruitful growth and dislike things collapsing, dying or
being destroyed. Every destructive action goes against our basic
nature; building, being constructive, is the human way.
To pursue growth properly, we need to renew our
commitment to human values in many fields. Political life, of course,
requires an ethical foundation, but science and religion, as well,
should be pursued from a moral basis. Without it scientists cannot
distinguish between beneficial technologies and those which are merely
expedient. The environmental damage surrounding us is the most obvious
result of this confusion. In the case of religion, it is particularly
necessary.
The purpose of religion is not to build beautiful
churches, or temples, but to cultivate positive human qualities such as
tolerance, generosity and love. Every world religion, no matter what
its philosophical view is founded first and foremost on the precept
that we must reduce our selfishness and serve others. Unfortunately,
sometimes in the name of religion, people cause more quarrels than they
solve. Practitioners of different faiths should realize that each
religious tradition has immense intrinsic value as a means for
providing mental and spiritual health.
There is a wonderful verse in the Bible about
turning swords into, ploughshares. It's a lovely image, a weapon
transformed into, a tool to serve basic human needs, symbolic of an
attitude of inner and outer disarmament. In the spirit of ' this
ancient message, I think it is important that we stress today the
urgency of a policy that is long overdue; the demilitarization of the
entire planet.
Demilitarization will free great human resources
for protection of the environment, relief of poverty, and sustainable
human devel0pment. It is my hope that the United Nations can soon help
make "this a reality.
I have always envisioned the future of my own
country, Tibet, to be founded on this basis. Tibet would be a neutral,
demilitarized sanctuary where weapons are forbidden and the people live
in harmony with nature; This is not merely a dream - it is precisely
the way Tibetans tried to live for over a thousand years before our
Country was tragically invaded. In Tibet, wildlife was protected in
accordance with Buddhist principles. In the seventeenth century, We
began enacting decrees to protect the environment and so we may have
been one of the first nations to have difficulty enforcing
environmental regulations! However, mainly our environment was
protected by our beliefs, which were instilled in us as children. Also,
for at least the last three hundred years, we had virtually no army.
Tibet gave up the waging as an instrument of national policy in the
eighth century.
I would like to conclude by stating that, in
general, I feel optimistic about the future. The rapid changes in our
attitude towards the earth are also a source of hope. As recently
as a decade ago, we thoughtlessly devoured the resources of the world,
as if there were no end to them. We failed to realize that unchecked
consumerism was disastrous for both the environment and social welfare.
Now, both individuals and governments are seeking a new ecological and
economic order.
I often joke that the moon and stars look
beautiful" but if any of us tried to live on them we would be
miserable. This blue planet of ours is a delightful habitat. Its life
is our life; its future our future. Indeed, the earth acts like a
mother to us all. Like children, we are dependent on her. In the fact
of such global problems as the greenhouse effect and depletion of the
or one layer, individual organizations and single nations are helpless.
Unless we all work together; no solution can be found. Our mother earth
is teaching us a lesson in universal responsibility.
I think we say that, because of the lessons we
have begun to learn, the next century will be friendlier, more
harmonious, and less harmful. Compassion, the seeds of peace will be
able to flourish. I am very hopeful. At the same time, I believe that
every individual has a responsibility to help guide our global family
in the right direction. Good wishes alone are not enough; we have to
assume responsibility. Large human movements spring from individual
human initiatives.
The sponsor of these events, the United Nations,
was founded out of the need to prevent military conflict. I am very
moved that its mission has grown to take on a new challenge - that of
safeguarding the long term health of our planet and ourselves. I hope
and pray that in the days ahead, each of us does all we can to see that
the goal of creating a happier, more harmonious and healthier world is
achieved.
The full text of the address on June 7, 1992 to
the Parliamentary Earth Summit (Global Forum) of the United Nations
Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de
Janeiro. Brazi
